Vitesse du son
La vitesse du son (ou bien la vélocité du son) réfère à la vitesse des ondes de son qui passent à travers un milieu élastique. L’exacte vélocité varie selon le milieu utilisé (Par exemple, les ondes de son passent dans l’eau plus rapidement que dans l’air parce-que l’eau a une plus grande densité). Les caractéristiques du milieu sont donc des facteurs importants à prendre en compte, en particulier la température.
La vitesse approximative du son dans l’air (en mètres par seconde) peut être calculée en utilisant la formule suivante.
Dans la formule, le Theta 
représente la température en degrés celcius. (°C).
Les tableaux ci-dessous ont été compilés pour fournir un point de référence simple à utiliser, ceci afin de permettre de vérifier plus facielement la vitesse du son dans l’eau, les liquides et les matériaux.
Vous trouverez ci-dessous une liste de matériaux qui peuvent être mesurés avec un débitmètre ultra-son ou un débitmètre ultra-son non-intrusif.
Tableau 1 : Vitesses du son dans les solides
Vitesse du son* Onde de cisaillement (25°C)
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| Matériel | m/s | ft/s |
| Acier renforcé, 1% de Charbon | 3,150 | 10,335 |
| Acier au carbone | 3,230 | 10,598 |
| Acier Doux | 3,235 | 10,614 |
Acier 1% Charbon |
3,220 | 10,565 |
| Acier inox 302 | 3,120 | 10,236 |
| Acier inox 303 | 3,120 | 10,236 |
| Acier inox 304 | 3,141 | 10,306 |
| Acier inox 304L | 3,070 | 10,073 |
| Acier inox 316 | 3,272 | 10,735 |
| Acier inox 347 | 3,095 | 10,512 |
| Aluminium | 3,100 | 10,171 |
| Aluminium laminé | 3,040 | 9,974 |
| Cuivre | 2,260 | 7,415 |
| Cuivre recuit | 2,325 | 7,628 |
| Cuivre laminé | 2,270 | 7,448 |
| CuNi (70%Cu 30%Ni) | 2,540 | 8,334 |
| CuNi (90%Cu 10%Ni) | 2,060 | 6,759 |
| Laiton | 2,120 | 6,923 |
| Or dur | 1,200 | 3,937 |
| Inconel | 3,020 | 9,909 |
| Fer électrolytique | 3,240 | 10,630 |
| Fer armco | 3,240 | 10,630 |
| Fer ductile | 3,000 | 9,843 |
| Fer forgé | 2,500 | 8,203 |
| Monel | 2,720 | 8,924 |
| Nickel | 2,960 | 9,712 |
| Etain laminé | 1,670 | 5,479 |
| Titane | 3,125 | 10,253 |
| Tungstène recuit | 2,890 | 9,482 |
| Tungstène étiré | 2,640 | 8,661 |
| Tungstène carbure | 3,980s | 13,058 |
| Zinc laminé | 2,440 | 8,005 |
| Verre pyrex | 3,280 | 10,761 |
| Verre Silicante lourd | 2,380 | 7,808 |
| Brasero en Verre | 2,840 | 9,318 |
| Nylon | 1,150 | 3,772 |
| Nylon, 6-6 | 1,070 | 3,510 |
| Polyéthylène | 540 | 1,772 |
| PVC, CPVC | 1,060 | 3,477 |
| Acrylique | 1,430 | 4,690 |
* Veuillez noter que ces valeurs sont considérés comme nominales. Les solides peuvent être inhomogène et anisotrope. Les valuers actuels varie selon la composition exacte, la tempèrature,la pression et la stresse.
Ci-dessous se trouve une liste de liquides qui peuvent être mesurées en utilisant un débitmètre ultra-son ou un débitmètre non-intrusif:
Table deux: La vitesse du son dans les fluides
Toutes les données sont données à 25°C (77°F), sauf indication contraire. |
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| Vitesse du son | Changement v/Ã??? °C | Viscocité Cinématique x10-6 | |||||
| Substance | Formule chimique | Gravité spécifique | m/s | ft/s | m/s/°C | m2/s | ft2/s |
| Acetic anhydride (22) | (CH3CO)2O | 1.082 (20°C) | 1,180 | 3,871.4 | 2.5 | 0.769 | 8.274 |
| Acetic acid, anhydride (22) | (CH3CO)2O | 1.082 (20°C) | 1,180 | 3,871.4 | 2.5 | 0.769 | 8.274 |
| Acetic acid, nitrile | C2H3N | 0.783 | 1,290 | 4,232.3 | 4.1 | 0.441 | 4.745 |
| Acetic acid, ethyl ester (33) | C4H802 | 0.901 | 1,085 | 3,559.7 | 4.4 | 0.467 | 5.025 |
| Acetic acid, methyl ester | C3H6O2 | 0.934 | 1,211 | 3,973.1 | 0.407 | 4.379 | |
| Acetone | C3H6O | 0.791 | 1,174 | 3,851.7 | 4.5 | 0.399 | 4.293 |
| Acetonitrile | C2H3N | 0.783 | 1,290 | 4,232.3 | 4.1 | 0.441 | 4.745 |
| Acetonylacetone | C6H10O2 | 0.729 | 1,399 | 4,539.9 | 3.6 | ||
| Acetylen dichloride | C2H2Cl2 | 1.26 | 1,015 | 3,330.1 | 3.8 | 0.400 | 4.304 |
| Acetylene tetrabromide (47) | C2H2Br4 | 2.966 | 1,027 | 3,369.4 | |||
| Acetylene tetrachloride (47) | C2H2Cl4) | 1.595 | 1,147 | 3,763.1 | 1.156 (15°c) | 12.438 (15°C) | |
| Alcohol | C2H6O | 0.789 | 1,207 | 3,960 | 4.0 | 1.396 | 15.02 |
| Alkazene-13 | C15H24 | 0.86 | 1,317 | 4,320.9 | 3.9 | ||
| Alkazene-25 | C10H12Cl2 | 1.20 | 1,307 | 4,288.1 | 3.4 | ||
| 2-Amino-ethanol | C2H7NO | 1.018 | 1,724 | 5,656.2 | 3.4 | ||
| 2-Aminotolidine(46) | C7H9N | 0.999 (20°C) | 1,618 | 5,308.4 | 4.394 (20°C) | 47.279 (68°F) | |
| 4-Aminotolidine(46) | C7H9N | 0.966 (45°C) | 1,480 | 4,855.6 | 1.863 (50°C) | 20.045 (122°F) | |
| Ammonia (35) | NH3 | 0.771 | 1,729 (-33°C) | 5,672.6 (-27°C) | 6.68 | 0.292 (-33°C) | 3.141 (-27°F) |
| Amorphus Polyolefin | 0.98 | 962.6 (190°C) | 3158.2 (374°F) | 26,600 | 286,000 | ||
| t-Amyl Polyolefin | C5H12O | 0.81 | 1,204 | 3,950.1 | 4.374 | 47.064 |
|
| Aminobenzene (41) | C6H5NO2 | 1.022 | 1,639 | 5,377.3 | 4.0 | 3.63 | 39.058 |
| Aniline (41) | C6H5NO2 | 1.022 | 1,639 | 5,377.3 | 4.0 | 3.63 | 39.058 |
| Argon (45) | Ar | 1.400 (-188°C) | 853 (-188°C) | 2798.6 (-306°F) | |||
| Azine | C6H5N | 0.982 | 1,415 | 4,642.4 | 4.1 | 0.992 (20°C) | 10.673 (68°F) |
| Benzene (29, 40, 41) | C6H6 | 0.879 | 1,306 | 4,284.8 | 4.65 | 0.711 | 7.65 |
| Benzol (29, 40, 41) | C6H6 | 0.879 | 1,306 | 4284.8 | 4.65 | 0.711 | 7.65 |
| Bromine (21) | Br2 | 2.928 | 889 | 2,916.7 | 3.0 | 0.323 | 3.475 |
| Bromo-benzene (46) | C6H5Br | 1.522 | 1,170 (20°C) | 3,838.6 (68°F) | 0.693 | 7.456 | |
| 1-Bromo-butane (46) | C4HgBr | 1.276 (20°C) | 1,019 | 3,343.2 (68°F) | 0.275 | 5.272 (59°C) | |
| Bromo-ethane (46) | C2H5Br | 1.460 (20°C) | 900 (20°C) | 2,952.8 (68°F) | 0.275 | 2.959 | |
| Bromoform (46,47) | CHBr3 | 2.89 (20°C) | 918 | 3,011.8 | 3.1 | 0.654 | 7.037 |
| n-Butane(2) | C4H10 | 0.601 (0°C) | 1,085 (-5°C) | 3,559.7 (23°C) | 5.8 | ||
| 2-Butanol | C4H10O | 0.81 | 1,240 | 4,068.2 | 3.3 | 3.239 | 34.851 |
| sec-Butylalcohol | C4H10O | 0.81 | 1,240 | 4,068.2 | 3.3 | 3.239 | 34.851 |
| n-Butyl bromide (46) | C4H9Br | 1.276 (20°C) | 1,019 (20°C) | 3,343.2 (68°F) | 0.49 (15°C) | 5.272 (59°C) | |
| n-Butyl chloride (22,46) | C4H9Cl | 0.887 | 1,140 | 3,740.2 | 4.57 | 0.529 (15°C) | 5.692 (59°F) |
| tert Butyl chloride | C4H9Cl | 0.84 | 984 | 3,228.3 | 4.2 | 0.646 | 6.95 |
| Butyl oleate | C22H42O2 | 1,404 | 4,606.3 | 3.0 | |||
| 2,3 Butylene glycol | C4H10O2 | 1.019 | 1,484 | 4,868.8 | 1.51 | ||
| Cadmium (7) | Cd | 2,237.7 (400°C) | 7,341.5 (752°F) | 1.355cp (440°C) | 14.579 (824°F) | ||
| Carbinol (40,41) | CH4O | 0.791 (20°C) | 1,076 | 3,530.2 | 292 | 0.695 | 7.478 |
| Carbitol | C6H14O3 | 0.988 | 1,458 | 4,783.5 | |||
| Carbon Dioxide (26) | CO2 | 1.101 (-37°C) | 839 (-37°C) | 2,752.6 (-35°F) | 7.71 | 0.137 (-37°C) | 1.474 (-35°F) |
| Carbon disulphide | CS2 | 1.261 (22°C) | 1,149 | 3,769.7 | 0.278 | 2.991 | |
| Carbon tetrachloride (33, 35, 47) | CCl4 | 1.595 (20°C) | 926 | 3038.1 | 2.48 | 0.607 | 6.531 |
| Carbon tetrafluoride (14) (Freon 14) | CF4 | 1.75 (-150°C) | 875.2 (-150°C) | 2,871.5 (-238°F) | 6.61 | ||
| Cetane (23) | C16H34 | 0.773 (20°C) | 1,338 | 4,389.8 | 3.71 | 4.32 | 46.483 |
| Chloro-benezene | C6H5Cl | 1.106 | 1,273 | 4,176.5 | 3.6 | 0.722 | 7.768 |
| 1-Chloro-butane (22,46) | C4H9Cl | 0.887 | 1,140 | 3740.2 | 4.57 | 0.529 (15°C) | 5.692 (59°F) |
| Chloro-diFluoromethane (3) (Freon 22) | CHClF2 | 1.491 (-69°C) | 893.9 (-50°C) | 2,932.7 (-58°F) | 4.79 | ||
| Chloroform (47) | CHCl3 | 1.489 | 979 | 3,211.9 | 3.4 | 0.55 | 5.918 |
| 1-Chloro-propane (47) | C4H7Cl | 0.892 | 1,058 | 3,471.1 | 0.378 | 4.067 | |
| Chlorotrifluoromethane | CClF3 | 724 (-82°C) | 2,375.3 (-116°F) | 5.26 | |||
| Cinnamaldehyde | C9H8O | 1.112 | 1,554 | 5,098.4 | 3.2 | ||
| Cinnamic aldehyde | C9H8O | 1.112 | 1,554 | 5,098.4 | 3.2 | ||
| Colamine | C2H7NO | 1.018 | 1,724 | 5,656.2 | 3.4 | ||
| o-Cresol (46) | C7H8O | 1.047 | 1,541 | 5,055.8 | 4.29 | 46.16 | |
| m-Cresol (46) | C7H8O | 1.034 (20°C) | 1,500 (20°C) | 4,921.3 (68°F) | 5.979 (40°C) | 64.334 (104°F) | |
| Cyanomethane | C2H3N | 0.783 | 1,290 | 4,232.3 | 4.1 | 0.441 | 4.745 |
| Cyclohexane (15) | C6H12 | 0.779 | 1,248 | 4,094.5 | 5.41 | 1.31 | 14.095 |
| Cyclohexane | C6H12O | 0.962 | 1,454 | 4,770.3 | 3.6 | 0.071 (17°C) | 0.764 (63°F) |
| Cyclohexanone | C6H10O | 0.948 | 1,423 | 4,668.6 | 4.0 | ||
| Decane (46) | C10H22 | 0.730 | 1,252 | 4,107.6 | 1.26 (20°C) | 13.55 (68°F) | |
| 1-Decane (27) | C10H20 | 0.746 | 1,235 | 4,051.8 | 4.0 | ||
| n-Decylene (27) | C10H20 | 0.746 | 1,235 | 4,051.8 | 4.0 | ||
| Diacetyl | C4H6O2 | 0.99 | 1,236 | 4,055.1 | 4.6 | ||
| Diamylamine | C10H23N | 1,235 | 4,120.7 | 3.9 | |||
| 1,2 Dibrimo-ethane (47) | C2H4Br2 | 2.18 | 995 | 3,264.4 | 0.79 (20°C) | 8.5 (68°F) | |
| trans-1,2-Dibromoethane (47) | C2H2Br2 | 2.231 | 935 | 3,067.6 | |||
| Dibutyl phthalate | C8H22O4 | 1,408 | 4,619.4 | ||||
| Dichloro-t-butyl alcohol | C4H8Cl2O | 1,304 | 4,278.2 | 3.8 | |||
| 2,3 Dichlorodioxane | C2H6Cl2O2 | 1,391 | 4,563.6 | 3.7 | |||
| Dichlorodifluoromethane (3) (Freon 12) | CCl2F2 | 1.516 (40°C) | 774.1 | 2,539.7 | 4.24 | ||
| 1,2 Dichloro ethane (47) | C2H4Cl2 | 1.253 | 1,193 | 3,914 | 0.61 | 6.563 | |
| cis1,2-Dichloro-ethene (3, 47) | C2H2Cl2 | 1.284 | 1,061 | 3,481 | |||
| trans1,2-Dichloro-ethene (3,47) | C2H2Cl2 | 1.257 | 1,010 | 3,313.6 | |||
| Dichloro-fluoromethane (3) (Freon 21) | CHCl2F | 1.426 (0°C) | 891 (0°C) | 2,923.2 (32°F) | 3.97 | ||
| 1-2-Dichlorohexafluoro-cyclobutane (47)) | C4Cl2F6 | 1.654 | 669 | 2,194.9 | |||
| 1-3-Dichloro-isobutane | C4H8Cl2 | 1.14 | 1,220 | 4002.6 | 3.4 | ||
| Dichloro methane (3) | CH2Cl2 | 1.327 | 1,070 | 3,510.5 | 3.94 | 0.31 | 3.335 |
| 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2 tetra fluoroethane | CClF2-CClF2 | 1.455 | 665.3 (-10°C) | 2,182.7 (14°F) | 3.73 | ||
| Diethyl ether | C4H10O | 0.713 | 985 | 3,231.6 | 4.87 | 0.311 | 3.346 |
| Diethylene glycol | C4H10O3 | 1.116 | 1,586 | 5,203.4 | 2.4 | ||
| Diethylene glycol, monoethyl ether | C6H14O3 | 0.988 | 1,458 | 4,783.5 | |||
| Diethylenimide oxide | C4H9NO | 1.00 | 1,442 | 4,731 | 3.8 | ||
| 1,2-bis(DiFluoramino) butane (43) | C4H8(NF2)2 | 1.216 | 1,000 | 3,280.8 | |||
| 1,2-bis(DiFluoramino)-2-methylpropane (43) | C4H9(NF2)2 | 1.213 | 900 | 2,952.8 | |||
| 1,2-bis(DiFluroamino)-propane (43) | C3H6(NF2)2 | 1.265 | 960 | 3,149.6 | |||
| 2,2-bis(DiFluoramino)- propane (43) | C3H6(NF2)2 | 1.254 | 890 | 2920 | |||
| 2,2-Dihydroxydiethy ether | C4H10O3 | 1.116 | 1,586 | 2,203.4 | 2.4 | ||
| Dihydroxethane | C2H6O2 | 1.113 | 1,658 | 5,439.6 | 2.1 | ||
| 1,3-Dimethyl-benzene (46) | C8H10 | 0.868 (15°C) | 1,343 (20°C) | 4,406.2 (68°F) | 0.749 (15°C) | 8.059 (59°F) | |
| 1,2-Dimethyl-benzene (29, 46) | C8H10 | 0.897 (20°C) | 1,331.5 | 4,368.4 | 4.1 | 0.903 (20°C) | 9.716 (68°F) |
| 1,4-Dimethyl-benzene (46) | C8H10 | 1,334 (20°C) | 4,376.6 (68°F) | 0.662 | 7,123 | ||
| 2,2-Dimethyl-butane (29, 33) | C6H14 | 0.649 (20°C) | 1,079 | 3,540 | |||
| Dimethyl ketone | C3H6O | 0.791 | 1,174 | 3,851.7 | 4.5 | 0.399 | 4.293 |
| Dimethyl pentane (47) | C7H16 | 0.674 | 1,063 | 3,487.5 | |||
| Dimethyl phthalate | C8H10O4 | 1.2 | 1,463 | 4,799.9 | |||
| Diido-methane | CH2I2 | 3.235 | 980 | 3,215.2 | |||
| Dioxane | C4H8O2 | 1.033 | 1,376 | 4,514.4 | |||
| Dodecane (23) | C12H26 | 0.749 | 1,279 | 4,196.2 | 3.85 | 1.80 | 19.368 |
| 1,2-Ethanediol | C2H6O2 | 1.113 | 1,658 | 5,439.6 | 2.1 | ||
| Ethanenitrile | C2H3N | 0.783 | 1,290 | 4,232.3 | 0.441 | 4.745 | |
| Ethanoic anhydride (22) | (CH3CO2)2O | 1.082 | 1,180 | 3,871.4 | 0.769 | 8.274 | |
| Ethanol | C2H6O | 0.789 | 1,207 | 3,960 | 4.0 | 1.39 | 14.956 |
| Ethanol amide | C2H7NO | 1.018 | 1,724 | 5,656.2 | 3.4 | ||
| Ethoxyethane | C4H10O | 0.713 | 985 | 3,231.6 | 4.87 | 0.311 | 3.346 |
| Ethyl acetate (33) | C4H8O2 | 0.901 | 1,085 | 3,559.7 | 4.4 | 0.489 | 5.263 |
| Ethyl alcohol | C2H6O | 0.789 | 1,207 | 3,960 | 4.0 | 1.396 | 15.020 |
| Ethyl benzene | C8H10 | 0.867 (20°C) | 1,338 (20°C) | 4,.89.8 (68°F) | 0.797 (17°C) | 8.575 (63°F) | |
| Ethyl Bromide (46) | C2H5Br | 1.461 (20°C) | 900 (20°C) | 2,952.8 (68°F) | 0.275 (20°C) | 2.959 (68°F) | |
| Ethyliodide (46) | C2H5I | 1.950 (20°C) | 876 (20°C) | 2874 (68°F) | 0.29 | 3.12 | |
| Ether | C4H10O | 0.713 | 985 | 3231.6 | 4.87 | 0.311 | 3.346 |
| Ethyl ether | C4H10O | 0.713 | 985 | 3231.6 | 4.87 | 0.311 | 3.346 |
| Ethyene bromide (47) | C2H4Br2 | 2.18 | 995 | 3264.4 | 0.79 | 8.5 | |
| Ethylene chloride (47) | C2H4Cl2 | 1.253 | 1,193 | 3,914 | 0.61 | 6.563 | |
| Ethylene glycol | C2H6O2 | 1.113 | 1,658 | 5439.6 | 2.1 | 17,208 (20°C) | 185.158 (68°F) |
| d-Fenochone | C10H16O | 0.947 | 1,320 | 4330.7 | 0.22 | 2.367 | |
| d-2-Fenechanone | C10H16O | 0.947 | 1,320 | 4330.7 | 0.22 | 2.367 | |
| Fluorine | F | 0.545 (-143°C) | 403 (-143°C) | 1322.2 (-225°F) | 11.31 | ||
| Fluoro-benzene (46) | C6H5F | 1.024 (20°C) | 1,189 | 3900.9 | 0.584 (20°C) | 6.283 (68°F) | |
| Formaldehyde, methyl ester | C2H4O2 | 0.974 | 1,127 | 3697.5 | 4.02 | ||
| Formamide | CH3NO | 1.134 (20°C) | 1,622 | 5321.5 | 2.2 | 2.91 | 31.311 |
| Formic acid, amide | CH3NO | 1.134 (20°C) | 1,622 | 5321.5 | 2.91 | 31.311 | |
| Freon R12 | 774.2 | 2540 | |||||
| Furfural | C5H4O2 | 1.157 | 1,444 | 4737.5 | 3.7 | ||
| Furfural alcohol | C5H6O2 | 1.135 | 1,450 | 4575.2 | 3.4 | ||
| Fural | C5H4O2 | 1.157 | 1,444 | 4737.5 | 3.7 | ||
| 2-Furalehyde | C5H4O2 | 1.157 | 1,444 | 4737.5 | 3.7 | ||
| 2-Furancarboxaldehyde | C5H4O2 | 1.157 | 1,444 | 4737.5 | 3.7 | ||
| 2-Furyl-Methanol | C5H6O2 | 1.135 | 1,450 | 4757.2 | 3.4 | ||
| Gallium | Ga | 6.095 | 2,870 | 9416 | |||
| Glycerin | C3H8O3 | 1.26 | 1,904 | 6246.7 | 2.2 | 757.1 | 8,081.836 |
| Glycerol | C3H8O3 | 1.26 | 1,904 | 6246.7 | 2.2 | 757.1 | 8,081.836 |
| Glycol | C2H6O2 | 1.113 | 1658 | 5439.6 | 2.1 | ||
| 50% Glycol / 50% H2O | 1,578 | 5,177 | |||||
| Helium (45) | He4 | 0.125 (-269°C) | 183 (-269°C) | 600.4 (-452°F) | 0.025 | .269 | |
| Heptane (22,23) | C7H16 | 0.684 (20°C) | 1,131 | 3,710.6 | 4.25 | 0.598 (20°C) | 6.434 (68°F) |
| n-Heptane (29, 33) | C7H16 | 0.684 (20°C) | 1,180 | 3,871.3 | 4.0 | ||
| Hexachloro-Cyclapentadiene (47) | C5Cl6 | 1.7180 | 1,150 | 3,773 | |||
| Hexadecane (23) | C16H34 | 0.773 (20°C) | 1,338 | 4,389.8 | 3.71 | 4.32 (20°C) | 46.483 (68°F) |
| Hexalin | C6H12O | 0.962 | 1,454 | 4770.3 | 3.6 | 70.69 (17°C) | 760.882 (63°F) |
| Hexane (16, 22, 23) | C6H14 | 0.659 | 1,112 | 3,648.3 | 2.71 | 0.446 | 4.798 |
| n-Hexane (29, 33) | C6H14 | 0.649 (20°C) | 1,079 | 3,540 | 4.53 | ||
| 2,5-Hexanedione | C6H10O2 | 0.729 | 1,399 | 4589.9 | 3.6 | ||
| n-Hexanol | C6H14O | 0.819 | 1,300 | 4,265.1 | 3.8 | ||
| Hexahydrobenzene | C6H12 | 0.779 | 1,248 | 4094.5 | 5.41 | 1.31 (17°C) | 14.095 (63°F) |
| Hexahydrophenol | C6H12O | 0.962 | 1,454 | 4770.3 | 3.6 | ||
| Hexamethylene (15) | C6H12 | 0.779 | 1,248 | 4094.5 | 5.41 | 1.31 (17°C) | 14.095 (63°F) |
| Hydrogen (45) | H2 | 0.071 (-256°C) | 1,187 (-256°C) | 3894.4 (-429°F) | 0.003 (-256°C) | 0.032 (-429°F) | |
| 2-Hydroxy-toluene (46) | C7H8O | 1.047 (20°C) | 1,541 (20°C) | 5,055.8 (68°F) | 4.29 (40°C) | 46.16 (104°F) | |
| 3-Hydroxy-toluene (46) | C7H8O | 1.034 (20°C) | 1,500 (20°C) | 4,921.3 (68°F) | 5.979 (40°C) | 64.334 (104°F) | |
| Iado-benzene (46) | C6H5I | 1.823 | 1,114 (20°C) | 3,654.9 (68°F) | 0.954 | ||
| Iado-ethane (46) | C2H5I | 1.950 (20°C) | 876 (20°C) | 2,874 (68°F) | 0.29 | 3.12 | |
| Iado-methane | CH3I | 2.28 (20°C) | 978 | 3,208.7 | 0.211 | 2.27 | |
| Isobutyl acetate (22) | C6H12O | 1,180 (27°C) | 3,871.4 (81°F) | 4.85 | |||
| Isobutanol | C4H10O | 0.81 (20°C) | 1,212 | 3,976.4 | |||
| Iso-butane | 1219.8 | 4002 | |||||
| Isopentane (36) | C5H12 | 0.62 (20°C) | 980 | 3,215.2 | 48 | 0.34 | 3.658 |
| Isopropanol (46) | C3H8O | 0.785 (20°C) | 1,170 (20°C) | 3,838.6 (68°F) | 2.718 | 29.245 | |
| Isopropyl alcohol (46) | C3H8O | 0.785 (20°C) | 1,170 (20°C) | 3,838.6 (68°F) | 2.718 | 29.245 | |
| Kerosene | 0.81 | 1,324 | 4,343.8 | 3.6 | |||
| Ketohexamethylene | C6H10O | 0.948 | 1,423 | 4,668.6 | 4.0 | ||
| Lithium fluoride (42) | LiF | 2,485 (900°C) | 8,152.9 (1652°F) | 1.29 | |||
| Mercury (45) | Hg | 13.594 | 1,449 (24°C) | 4,753.9 (75°F) | 0.114 | 1.226 | |
| Mesityloxide | C6H16O | 0.85 | 1,310 | 4,297.9 | |||
| Methane (25, 28, 38, 39) | CH4 | 0.162 (-89°C) | 405 (-89°C) | 1,328.7 (-128°F) | 17.5 | ||
| Methanol (40, 41) | CH4O | 0.791 (20°C) | 1,076 | 3530.2 | 292 | 0.695 | 7.478 |
| Methyl acetate | C3H6O2 | 0.934 | 1,211 | 3973.1 | 0.407 | 4.379 | |
| o-Methylaniline | C7H9N | 0.999 (20°C) | 1,618 | 5,308.4 | 4.394 (20°C) | 47.279 (68°F) | |
| 4-Methylaniline | C7H9N | 0.966 (45°C) | 1,480 | 4855.6 | 1.863 (50°C) | 20.095 (122°F) | |
| Methyl alcohol (40,44) | CH4O | 0.791 | 1,076 | 3530.2 | 292 | 0.695 | 7.478 |
| Methyl benzene | C7H8 | 0.867 | 1,328 (20°C) | 4,357 (68°F) | 4.27 | 0.644 | 7.144 |
| 2-Methyl-butane (36) | C5H12 | 0.62 (20°C) | 980 | 3215.2 | 0.34 | 3.658 | |
| Methyl carbinol | C2H6O | 0.789 | 1,207 | 3960 | 4.0 | 1.396 | |
| Methyl-chloroform (47) | C2H3Cl3 | 1.33 | 985 | 3,231.6 | 0.902 (20°C) | 9.705 (68°F) | |
| Methyl-cyanide | C2H3N | 0.783 | 1,290 | 4,232.3 | 0.441 | 4.745 | |
| 3-Methyl cyclohexanol | C7H14O | 0.92 | 1400 | 4,593.2 | |||
| Methylene chloride (3) | CH2Cl2 | 1.327 | 1,070 | 3510.5 | 3.94 | 0.31 | 3.335 |
| Methylene iodide | CH2I2 | 3.235 | 980 | 3,215.2 | |||
| Methyl formate (22) | C2H4O2 | 0.974 | 1.127 | 3,697.5 | 4.02 | ||
| Methyl iodide | CH3I | 2.28 (20°C) | 978 | 3,208.7 | 0.211 | 2.27 | |
| a-Methyl napthalene | C11H10 | 1.090 | 1,510 | 4,954.1 | 3.7 | ||
| 2-Methylphenol | C7H8O | 1.047 | 1,541 | 5,055.8 | 4.29 | 46.16 | |
| 3-Methylphenol | C7H8O | 1.034 (20°C) | 1500 (20°C) | 4,921.3 (20°C) | 5979 (40°C) | 64.334 (104°F) | |
| Milk, homogenized | 1,548 | 5,080 | |||||
| Morpholine | C4H9NO | 1.00 | 1,442 | 4,731 | 3.8 | ||
| Naptha | 0.76 | 1,225 | 4,019 | ||||
| Natural Gas (37) | 0.316 (-103°C) | 753 (-103°C) | 2,470.5 (-153°F) | ||||
| Neon (450 | Ne | 1.207 (-246°C) | 595 (-246°C) | 1,952.1 (-411°F) | |||
| Nitrobenzene (46) | C6H5NO2 | 1.204 (20°C) | 1,415 (20°C) | 4,624.4 (68°F) | 1.514 | 16.29 | |
| Nitrogen (45) | N2 | 0.808 (-199°C) | 962 (-199°C) | 3,156.2 (-326°F) | 0.217 (-199°C) | 2.334 (-326°F) | |
| Nitromethane (43) | CH3NO2 | 1.135 | 1,300 | 4,265.1 | 4.0 | 0.549 | 5.907 |
| Nonane (23) | C9H2O | 0.718 (20°C) | 1,207 | 3,960 | 4.04 | 0.99 (20°C) | 10.652 (68°F) |
| 1-Nonene (27) | C9H18 | 0.736 (20°C) | 1,207 | 3,960 | 4.0 | ||
| Octane (23) | C8H18 | 0.703 | 1,172 | 3,845.1 | 4.14 | 0.73 | 7.857 |
| n-Octane (29) | C8H18 | 0.704 (20°C) | 1,212.5 | 3,978 | 3.50 | 0.737 | .930 |
| 1-Octene (27) | C8H16 | 0.723 (20°C) | 1,175.5 | 3,856.6 | 4.10 | ||
| Oil of Camphor Sassafrassy | 1390 | 4560.4 | 3.8 | ||||
| Oil, Car (SAE 20a.30) | 1.74 | 870 | 2,854.3 | 190 | 2,045.093 | ||
| Oil, Castor | C11H10O10 | 0.969 | 1,477 | 4,845.8 | 3.6 | 0.670 | 7.209 |
| Oil, Diesel | 0.80 | 1,250 | 4,101 | ||||
| Oil, Fuel AA gravity | 0.99 | 1,485 | 4,872 | 3.7 | |||
| Oil (Lubricating X200) | 1530 | 5019.9 | |||||
| Oil (Olive) | 0.912 | 1431 | 4694.9 | 2.75 | 100 | 1076.365 | |
| Oil (Peanut) | 0.936 | 1,458 | 4,738.5 | ||||
| Oil (Sperm) | 0.88 | 1,440 | 4,724.4 | ||||
| Oil, 6 | 1,509 | 4,951 | |||||
| 2,2-Oxydiethanol | C4H10O3 | 1.116 | 1,586 | 5,203.4 | 2.4 | ||
| Oxygen (45) | O2 | 1.155(-186°C) | 952 (-186°C) | 3,123.4 (-303°F) | 0.173 | 1.861 | |
| Pentachlorine-ethane (47) | C2HCl5 | 1.687 | 1,082 | 3,549.9 | |||
| Pentalin (47) | C2HCl5 | 1.687 | 1,082 | 3,549.9 | |||
| Pentane (36) | C5H12 | 0.626 (20°C) | 1,020 | 3,346.5 | 0.363 | 3.905 | |
| n-Pentane (47) | C5H12 | 0.557 | 1,006 | 3,300.5 | 0.41 | 4.413 | |
| Perchlorocyclopentadiene (47) | C5Cl6 | 1.718 | 1,150 | 3,773 | |||
| Perchloro-ethylene (47) | C2Cl4 | 1.632 | 1,036 | 3,399 | |||
| Perfluoro-1-Hepten (47) | C7F14 | 1.67 | 583 | 1912.7 | |||
| Perfluoro-n-Hexane (47) | C6F14 | 1.672 | 508 | 1,666.7 | |||
| Phene (29, 40, 41) | C6H6 | 0.879 | 1306 | 4284.8 | 4.65 | 0.711 | 7.65 |
| b-Phenyl acrolein | C9H8O | 1.112 | 1554 | 5098.4 | 3.2 | ||
| Phenylamine (41) | C6H5NO2 | 1.022 | 1639 | 5377.3 | 4.0 | 3.63 | 39.058 |
| Phenyl bromide (46) | C6H5Br | 1.522 | 1170 (20°C) | 3838.6 (68°F) | 0.693 | 7.456 | |
| Phenyl chloride | C6H5Cl | 1.106 | 1273 | 4176.5 | 3.6 | 0.722 | 7.768 |
| Phenyl iodide (46) | C6H5I | 1.823 | 1114 (20°C) | 3654.9 (68°F) | 0.954 (15°C) | 10.265 (59°F) | |
| Phenyl methane (16, 52) | C7H8 | 0.867 (20°C) | 1328 (20°C) | 4357 (68°F) | 4.27 | 0.644 | 6.929 |
| 3-Phenyl prapenal | C9H8O | 1.112 | 1554 | 5098.4 | 3.2 | ||
| Phthalardione | C8H4O3 | 1125 (152°C) | 3691 (306°F) | ||||
| Phthalic acid, anhydride | C8H4O3 | 1125 (152°C) | 3691 (306°F) | ||||
| Pthalic anhydride | C8H4O3 | 1125 (152°C) | 3691 (306°F) | ||||
| Pimelic ketone | C6H10O | 0.948 | 1423 | 4668.6 | 4.0 | ||
| Plexigas, Lucite, Acrylic | 2651 | 8698 | |||||
| Polyterpene Resin | 0.77 | 1099.8 | 3608.4 | 39,000 | 419,500 | ||
| Potassium bromide (42) | KBr | 1169 (900°C) | 3835.3 (1652°F) | 0.71 | .715cp (900°C) | 7.693 (1652°F) | |
| Potassium fluoride (42) | KF | 1792 (900°C) | 5879.3 (1652°F) | 1.03 | |||
| Potassium Iodide (42) | KI | 985 (900°) | 3231.6 (1652°F) | 0.64 | |||
| Potassium nitrate (48) | KNO3 | 1.859 (352°C) | 1740.1 (352°C) | 5709 (666°C) | 1.1 | 1.19 (327°C) | 12.804 (621°F) |
| Propane (2,13) (-45 to -130°C) | C3H8 | 0.585 (-45Ã???°C) | 1003 (-45°C) | 3290.6 (-49°F) | 5.7 | ||
| 1,2,3-Propanetriol | C3H8O3 | 1.26 | 1904 | 6246.7 | 2.2 | .000757 | |
| 1-Propanol (46) | C3H8O | 0.78 (20°C) | 1222 (20°C) | 4009.2 (68°F) | |||
| 2-Propanol (46) | C3H8O | 0.785 (20°C) | 1170 (20°C) | 3838.6 (68°F) | 2.718 | 29.245 | |
| 2-Propanone | C3H6O | 0.791 | 1174 | 3851.7 | 4.5 | 0.399 | 4.293 |
| Propene (17, 18, 35) | C3H6 | 0.563 (-13°C) | 963 (-13°C) | 3159.4 (9°F) | 6.32 | ||
| n-Propyl acetate (22) | C5H10O2 | 1280 (2°C) | 4199 (36°F) | 4.63 | |||
| n-Propyl-alcohol | C3H8O | 0.78 (20°C) | 1,222 (20°C) | 4009.2 (68°F) | 2.549 | 27.427 | |
| Propylchloride (47) | C3H7Cl | 0.892 | 1058 | 3471.1 | 0.378 | 4.067 | |
| Propylene (17, 18, 35) | C3H6 | 0.563 (-13°C) | 963 (-13°C) | (3159.4) (9°F) | 6.32 | ||
| Pyridine | C6H5N | 0.982 | 1415 | 4642.4 | 4.1 | 0.992 (20°C) | 10.673 (68°F) |
| Refrigerant 11 (3,4) | CCl3F | 1.49 | 828.3 (0°C) | 2717.5 (32°F) | 3.56 | ||
| Refrigerant 12 (3) | CCl2F2 | 1.516 (-40°C) | 774.1 (-40°C) | 2539.7 (-40°C) | 4.24 | ||
| Refrigerant 14 (14) | CF4 | 1.75 (-150°C) | 875.24 (-150°C) | 2871.6 (-268Ã???°F) | 6.61 | ||
| Refigerant 21 (3) | CHCl2F | 1.426 (0°C) | 891 (0°C) | 2923.2 (32°F) | 3.97 | ||
| Refrigerant 22 (3) | CHClF2 | 1.491 (-69°C) | 893.9 (50°C) | 2932.7 (122°F) | 4.79 | ||
| Refrigerant 113 (3) | CCl2F-CClF2 | 1.563 | 783.7 (0°C) | 2571.2 (32°F) | 3.44 | ||
| Refrigerant 114 (3) | CClF2-CClF2 | 1.455 | 665.3 (-10°C) | 2182.7 (14°F) | 3.73 | ||
| Refrigerant 115 (3) | C2ClF5 | 656.4 (-50°C) | 2153.5 (-58°F) | 4.42 | |||
| Refigerant C318 (3) | C4F8 | 1.62 (-20°C) | 574 (-10°C) | 1,883.2 (14°F) | 3.88 | ||
| Selenium (8) | Se | 1072 (250°C) | 3517.1 (482°F) | 0.68 | |||
| Silicone (30 cp) | 0.993 | 990 | 3248 | 30 | 322.8 | ||
| Sodium fluoride (42) | NoF | 0.877 | 2082 (1000°C) | 6830.7 (1832°F) | 1.32 | ||
| Sodium nitrate (48) | NoNO3 | 1.884 (336°C) | 1763.3 (336°C) | 5785.1 (637°F) | 0.74 | 1.37 (336°C) | 14.74 (637°F) |
| Sodium nitrite (48) | NoNO2 | 1.805 (292°C) | 1876.8 (292°C) | 6157.5 (558°F) | |||
| Solvesso # 3 | 0.877 | 1370 | 4464.8 | 3.7 | |||
| Spirit of wine | C2H6O | 0.789 | 1207 | 3960 | 4.0 | 1.396 | 15.02 |
| Sulfur (7, 8, 10) | S | 1177 (250°C) | 3861.5 (482°F) | -1.13 | |||
| Sulfuric Acid (1) | H2SO4 | 1.841 | 1257.6 | 4126 | 1.43 | 11.16 | 120.081 |
| Tellerium (7) | Te | 991 (450°C) | 3251.3 (842°F) | 0.73 | |||
| 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromo-ethane (47) | C2H2Br4 | 2966 | 1027 | 3369.4 | |||
| 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-ethane (67) | C2H2Cl4 | 1595 | 1147 | 3763.1 | 1156 (15°C) | 12,438 (59°F) | |
| Tetrachloroethane | C2H2Cl4 | 1553 (20°C) | 1170 (20°C) | 3838.6 (68°F) |
|
1.19 | 12.804 |
| Tetrachloro-ethene (47) | C2Cl4 | 1.632 | 1036 | 3399 | |||
| Tetrachloro-Methane (33, 47) | CCl4 | 1.595 (20°C) | 926 | 3038.1 | 0.607 | 6.531 | |
| Tetradecane (46) | C14H3O | 0.763 (20°C) | 1331 (20°C) | 4366.8 (68°F) | 2.86 (20°C) | 30.773 (68°F) | |
| Tetraethylene glycol | C8H18O5 | 1.123 | 1586 | 5203.4 | 3.0 | ||
| Tetrafluoro-methane (14) (Freon 14) | CF4 | 1.75 (-150°C) | 875.24 (-150°C) | 2871.5 (-283°F) | 6.61 | ||
| Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine | C4H9NO | 1.000 | 1442 | 4731 | 3.8 | ||
| Toluene (16, 52) | C7H8 | 0.867 (20°C) | 1328 (20°C) | 4357 (68°F) | 4.27 | 0.644 | 6.929 |
| a-Toluidine (46) | C7H9N | 0.999 (20°C0 | 1618 | 5308.4 | 4.394 (20°C) | 47.279 (68°F) | |
| p-Toluidine (46) | C7H9N | 0.966 (45°C) | 1480 | 4855.6 | 1.863 (50°C) | 20.053 (122°F) | |
| Toluol | C7H8 | 0.866 | 1308 | 4291.3 | 4.2 | 0.58 | 6.24 |
| Tribromo-methane (46,47) | CHbr3 | 2.89 (20°C) | 918 | 3011.8 | 0.654 | 7.037 | |
| 1,1,1-Trochloro-ethane (47) | C2H3Cl3 | 1.33 | 985 | 3231.6 | 0.902 (20°C) | 9.705 (68°F) | |
| Trichloro-ethene (47) | C2HCl3 | 1.464 | 1028 | 3372.7 | |||
| Trichloro-fluoromethane (3) (Freon 11) | CCl3F | 1.49 | 828.3 (0°C) | 2717.5 (32°F) | 3.56 | ||
| Trichloro-methane (47) | CHCl3 | 1.489 | 979 | 3211.9 | 3.4 | 0.55 | 5.918 |
| 1,1,2-Trichloro- 1,2,2-Tricfluoro-Etham | CCl2F-CClF2 | 1.563 | 783.7 (0°C) | 2571.2 (32°F) | |||
| Triethyl-amine (33) | C6H15N | 0.726 | 1123 | 3684.4 | 4.47 | ||
| Triethylene glycol | C6H14O4 | 1.123 | 1608 | 5275.6 | 3.8 | ||
| 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-Chloro-2-Bromo-Ethane | C2HClBrF3 | 1.869 | 693 | 2273.6 | |||
| 1,2,2-Trifluorotrichloro-ethane (Freon 13) | CCl2F-CClF2 | 1.563 | 783.7 (0°C) | 2571.2 (32°F) | 3.44 | ||
| d-1,2,2-Trimethylnorcamphor | C10H16O | 0.947 | 1320 | 4330.7 | 0.22 | 2.367 | |
| Trinitroluene | C7H5(NO2)3 | 1.64 | 1610 (81°C) | 5282.2 (178°F) | |||
| Turpentine | 0.88 | 1255 | 4117.5 | 1.4 | 15.064 | ||
| Unisis 800 | 0.87 | 1346 | 4416 | ||||
| Water, distilled (49, 50) | H2O | 0.996 | 1498 | 4914.7 | -2.4 | 1.00 | 10.76 |
| Water, heavy | D2O | 1400 | 4593 | ||||
| Water, sea | 1.025 | 1531 | 5023 | -2.4 | 1.00 | 10.76 | |
| Wood Alcohol (40, 41) | CH4O | 0.791 | 1076 | 3530.2 | 2.92 | 0.695 | 7.478 |
| Xenon (45) | Xe | 630 (-109°C) | 2067 (-164°F) | ||||
| m-Xylene (46) | C8H10 | 0.868 (15°C) | 1343 (20°C) | 4406.2 (68°F) | 0.749 (15°C) | 8.059 (59°F) | |
| o-Xylene (29, 46) | C8H10 | 0.897 | 1,331.5 | 4,368.4 | 4.1 | 0.903 (20°C) | 9.716 (68°C) |
| p-Xylene (46) | C8H10 | 1334 (20°C) | 4376.6 (68°F) | 0.662 | 7.123 | ||
| Xylene hexafluoride | C8H4F6 | 1.37 | 879 | 2883.9 | 0.613 | 6.595 | |
| Zinc (7) | Zn | 3298 (450°C) | 10,820.2 (842°F) | ||||
Table trois: la vitesse du son dans l’eau aux tempèratures spécifiques
| Tempèrature | Vitesse du son dans l’eau | ||
| °C | °F | m/s | ft/s |
| 0 | 32.0 | 1402 | 4600 |
| 1 | 33.8 | 1407 | 4616 |
| 2 | 35.6 | 1412 | 4633 |
| 3 | 37.4 | 1417 | 4649 |
| 4 | 39.2 | 1421 | 4662 |
| 5 | 41.0 | 1426 | 4679 |
| 6 | 42.8 | 1430 | 4692 |
| 7 | 44.6 | 1434 | 4705 |
| 8 | 46.4 | 1439 | |